---
title: Now the monarch had no sooner proved the astonishing speed of which… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: Now the monarch had no sooner proved the astonishing speed of which the horse was capable than he longed to possess it himself, and indeed, so sure was he that the Indian would be quite ready to sell it, that he looked upon it as his own already. Who acts: monarch, horse. A sentence of «The Arabian 
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 37, sentence 59

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Now the monarch had no sooner proved the astonishing speed of which the horse was capable than he longed to possess it himself, and indeed, so sure was he that the Indian would be quite ready to sell it, that he looked upon it as his own already.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** monarch, horse · **What happens:** have, prove, be, long, possess, sell · **To what, where:** astonishing speed, Horse, monarch

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 37. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (monarch, horse), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:37:59
# text = Now the monarch had no sooner proved the astonishing speed of which the horse was capable than he longed to possess it himself, and indeed, so sure was he that the Indian would be quite ready to sell it, that he looked upon it as his own already.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	monarch	monarch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	6	det	_	_
6	sooner	soon	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	7	advmod	_	_
7	proved	prove	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	ccomp	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	astonishing	astonishing	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	speed	speed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	16	obl	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
15	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
16	capable	capable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	acl:relcl	_	_
17	than	than	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
18	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	longed	long	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	advcl	_	_
20	to	to	PART	TO	_	21	mark	_	_
21	possess	possess	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	xcomp	_	_
22	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	obj	_	_
23	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	21	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
26	indeed	indeed	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
28	so	so	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	_
29	sure	sure	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
30	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	31	cop	_	_
31	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	38	nsubj	_	_
32	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	38	mark	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	Indian	Indian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	38	nsubj	_	_
35	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	38	aux	_	_
36	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	38	cop	_	_
37	quite	quite	ADV	RB	_	38	advmod	_	_
38	ready	ready	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	ccomp	_	_
39	to	to	PART	TO	_	40	mark	_	_
40	sell	sell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	38	xcomp	_	_
41	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	40	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	45	punct	_	_
43	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	45	mark	_	_
44	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	45	nsubj	_	_
45	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	38	conj	_	_
46	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
47	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	45	obl	_	_
48	as	as	ADP	IN	_	50	case	_	_
49	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	50	nmod:poss	_	_
50	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	45	obl	_	_
51	already	already	ADV	RB	_	45	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
52	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the monarch |  |  |  | now |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **prove** | past | the monarch *not said here* | the astonishing speed |  |  |  | soon *property* | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent speed=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | past | the horse |  |  |  |  | of the astonishing speed; capable *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **long** | past | monarch |  |  |  |  |  | vn long-32.2 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 5 | **possess** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | monarch *not said here* | Horse |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **is a** | past |  | monarch |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **is** | would | monarch |  |  |  |  | ready *property* | tree rules |
| 8 | **sell** | to-infinitive | monarch *not said here* | Horse |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 9 | **look** | past | monarch |  |  |  |  | upon Horse; as monarch's own | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent upon it=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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