--- title: "I never guessed from his mere outside how valuable an animal he was… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics description: "I never guessed from his mere outside how valuable an animal he was," he remarked to the Indian, "and I am grateful to you for having shown me my error," said he. " Who acts: monarch, king, my. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 37, with its dependency t --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/37/60/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Arabian Nights Entertainments](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/) / [Opening, part 37](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/37/) / 60 # The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 37, sentence 60 "I never guessed from his mere outside how valuable an animal he was," he remarked to the Indian, "and I am grateful to you for having shown me my error," said he. " **Who acts:** monarch, king, my · **What happens:** not guess, remark, be, show, say, err · **To what, where:** mere, Indian, you, error, king · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 37. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (monarch, king, my), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg128:37:60 # text = "I never guessed from his mere outside how valuable an animal he was," he remarked to the Indian, "and I am grateful to you for having shown me my error," said he. " 1 " " PUNCT `` _ 4 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 2 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 3 never never ADV RB PronType=Neg 4 advmod _ _ 4 guessed guess VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 38 ccomp _ _ 5 from from ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ _ 7 mere mere NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 8 outside outside ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 9 how how ADV WRB PronType=Int 10 advmod _ _ 10 valuable valuable ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 11 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 animal animal NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nmod _ _ 13 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nsubj _ _ 14 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 12 acl:relcl _ SpaceAfter=No 15 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 16 " " PUNCT `` _ 18 punct _ _ 17 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nsubj _ _ 18 remarked remark VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 conj _ _ 19 to to ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 Indian Indian ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 22 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 23 " " PUNCT '' _ 4 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 25 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ _ 26 am be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 27 cop _ _ 27 grateful grateful ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 conj _ _ 28 to to ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 29 you you PRON PRP Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs 27 obl _ _ 30 for for SCONJ IN _ 32 mark _ _ 31 having have AUX VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 32 aux _ _ 32 shown show VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 27 advcl _ _ 33 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 32 obj _ _ 34 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 35 nmod:poss _ _ 35 error error NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 36 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 37 " " PUNCT '' _ 4 punct _ _ 38 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 39 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 38 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 40 . . PUNCT . _ 38 punct _ _ 41 " " PUNCT '' _ 38 punct _ SpaceAfter=No ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **guess** *in a quote* | past | monarch | | | monarch's mere outside a valuable animal | | | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **remark** *speech: assert* | participle | monarch | | the Indian | | | | vn lecture-37.11-1 «NP V PP.recipient PP.topic»: agent=Agent to indian=Recipient | | 3 | **is** *in a quote* | present | the king *= king* | | you | | | grateful *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **show** *in a quote* | gerund · perfect | the king *= king* *not said here* | my error | the king *= king* | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient error=Topic | | 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | monarch | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 6 | **err** *in a quote* | | my | | | | | | nom error «act intransitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 59](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/37/59/) - next →: [sentence 61](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/37/61/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 37](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/37/)