--- title: The Indian, who had overheard the king's speech, thought that he saw… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics description: The Indian, who had overheard the king's speech, thought that he saw in it signs of yielding to his proposal, so he joyfully agreed to the monarch's wishes, and came forward to help the prince to mount the horse, and show him how to guide it: but, before he had finished, the young man turned the scr --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/37/75/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Arabian Nights Entertainments](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/) / [Opening, part 37](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/37/) / 75 # The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 37, sentence 75 The Indian, who had overheard the king's speech, thought that he saw in it signs of yielding to his proposal, so he joyfully agreed to the monarch's wishes, and came forward to help the prince to mount the horse, and show him how to guide it: but, before he had finished, the young man turned the screw, and was soon out of sight. **Who acts:** Indian, king, speech, prince, young man, monarch · **What happens:** overhear, think, see, sign, yield, agree · **To what, where:** speech, prince, horse, king, screw, sight · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 37. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Indian, king, speech, prince), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg128:37:75 # text = The Indian, who had overheard the king's speech, thought that he saw in it signs of yielding to his proposal, so he joyfully agreed to the monarch's wishes, and came forward to help the prince to mount the horse, and show him how to guide it: but, before he had finished, the young man turned the screw, and was soon out of sight. 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 Indian Indian ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 3 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 4 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 6 nsubj _ _ 5 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 aux _ _ 6 overheard overhear VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 2 conj _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 9 's 's PART POS _ 8 case _ _ 10 speech speech NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 11 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 12 thought think VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 13 that that SCONJ IN _ 15 mark _ _ 14 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nsubj _ _ 15 saw see VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 12 ccomp _ _ 16 in in SCONJ IN _ 18 mark _ _ 17 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nsubj _ _ 18 signs sign VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 ccomp _ _ 19 of of SCONJ IN _ 20 mark _ _ 20 yielding yield VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 18 advcl _ _ 21 to to ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 22 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ _ 23 proposal proposal NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 24 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 25 so so ADV RB _ 28 advmod _ _ 26 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 nsubj _ _ 27 joyfully joyfully ADV RB _ 28 advmod _ _ 28 agreed agree VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 15 conj _ _ 29 to to ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 monarch monarch NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 32 's 's PART POS _ 31 case _ _ 33 wishes wish NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 34 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 35 and and CCONJ CC _ 36 cc _ _ 36 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 12 conj _ _ 37 forward forward ADV RB _ 36 advmod _ _ 38 to to PART TO _ 39 mark _ _ 39 help help VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 36 advcl _ _ 40 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 41 prince prince NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 obj _ _ 42 to to PART TO _ 43 mark _ _ 43 mount mount VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 39 xcomp _ _ 44 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 45 det _ _ 45 horse horse NOUN NN Number=Sing 43 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 46 , , PUNCT , _ 48 punct _ _ 47 and and CCONJ CC _ 48 cc _ _ 48 show show VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 12 parataxis _ _ 49 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 48 iobj _ _ 50 how how ADV WRB PronType=Int 52 advmod _ _ 51 to to PART TO _ 52 mark _ _ 52 guide guide VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 48 ccomp _ _ 53 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 52 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 54 : : PUNCT : _ 60 punct _ _ 55 but but CCONJ CC _ 60 cc _ SpaceAfter=No 56 , , PUNCT , _ 60 punct _ _ 57 before before SCONJ IN _ 60 mark _ _ 58 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 60 nsubj _ _ 59 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 60 aux _ _ 60 finished finish VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 12 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 61 , , PUNCT , _ 65 punct _ _ 62 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 64 det _ _ 63 young young ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 64 amod _ _ 64 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 65 nsubj _ _ 65 turned turn VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 60 conj _ _ 66 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 67 det _ _ 67 screw screw NOUN NN Number=Sing 65 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 68 , , PUNCT , _ 74 punct _ _ 69 and and CCONJ CC _ 74 cc _ _ 70 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 74 cop _ _ 71 soon soon ADV RB Degree=Pos 74 advmod _ _ 72 out out ADP IN _ 74 case _ _ 73 of of ADP IN _ 74 case _ _ 74 sight sight NOUN NN Number=Sing 65 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 75 . . PUNCT . _ 12 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **overhear** | past · perfect | | the king's speech | | | | | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer speech=Stimulus | | 2 | **think** *speech: other* | past | the Indian | | | | | | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 3 | **see** | past | king | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 4 | **sign** | present | speech | | | | | | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **yield** | gerund | speech *not said here* | | | | | to king's proposal | vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to proposal=Theme | | 6 | **agree** *speech: agree* | past | king | | | | | to the monarch's wishes; joyfully *property* | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **come forward** | past | the Indian *not said here* | | | | | forward *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 8 | **help** | to-infinitive | the Indian *not said here* | the prince | | | | | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent prince=Beneficiary clause=Theme | | 9 | **mount** | to-infinitive | the prince *not said here* | the horse | | | | | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horse=Patient | | 10 | **show** | infinitive | | | king | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic | | 11 | **guide** | to-infinitive | | Horse | | | | | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | | 12 | **finish** | past · perfect | king | | | | | | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | | 13 | **turn** | past | the young man | the screw | | | | | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent screw=Theme | | 14 | **is** | past | | | | sight | | soon *property* | tree rules | | 15 | **speak** | | the king | | | | | | nom speech «communication transitive»: poss=agent | | 16 | **propose** | | king | | | | | | nom proposal «communication intransitive»: poss=agent | | 17 | **wish** | | the monarch | | | | | | nom wish «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 74](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/37/74/) - next →: [sentence 76](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/37/76/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 37](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/37/)