---
title: So saying, he ordered his guards to seize the Indian and throw him i… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: So saying, he ordered his guards to seize the Indian and throw him into prison. Who acts: life, guards. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 37, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 37, sentence 84

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
So saying, he ordered his guards to seize the Indian and throw him into prison.

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**Who acts:** life, guards · **What happens:** say, order, seize, throw · **To what, where:** guards, Indian, life, prison · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 37. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (life, guards), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:37:84
# text = So saying, he ordered his guards to seize the Indian and throw him into prison.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	ordered	order	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	guards	guard	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	seize	seize	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	Indian	Indian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	obj	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	throw	throw	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	conj	_	_
14	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	_
15	into	into	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	prison	prison	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | life *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **order** | past | life | life's guards |  |  |  |  | vn order-58.3-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent guard=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 3 | **seize** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | life's guards *not said here* | the Indian |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent indian=Theme |
| 4 | **throw** | infinitive | life's guards *not said here* | life |  |  |  | into prison *result* | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Causer he=Theme into prison=Result |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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