---
title: "You behold, madame, a prince in distress, son to the King of Persia… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: "You behold, madame, a prince in distress, son to the King of Persia, who, owing to an adventure so strange that you will scarcely believe it, finds himself here, a suppliant for your protection. Who acts: You, King, madame, your. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Ope
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 38, sentence 10

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"You behold, madame, a prince in distress, son to the King of Persia, who, owing to an adventure so strange that you will scarcely believe it, finds himself here, a suppliant for your protection.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** You, King, madame, your · **What happens:** madame, owe, believe, find, protect · **To what, where:** adventure, prince

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 38. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (You, King, madame, your), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:38:10
# text = "You behold, madame, a prince in distress, son to the King of Persia, who, owing to an adventure so strange that you will scarcely believe it, finds himself here, a suppliant for your protection.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	34	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
3	behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	madame	madame	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	prince	prince	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	distress	distress	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	King	King	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	Persia	Persia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	21	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	owing	owe	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	15	acl:relcl	_	_
22	to	to	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	adventure	adventure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
25	so	so	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	_
26	strange	strange	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	parataxis	_	_
27	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	31	mark	_	_
28	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	31	nsubj	_	_
29	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	31	aux	_	_
30	scarcely	scarcely	ADV	RB	_	31	advmod	_	_
31	believe	believe	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	advcl	_	_
32	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
34	finds	find	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
35	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	34	obj	_	_
36	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	34	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
38	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
39	suppliant	suppliant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	conj	_	_
40	for	for	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
41	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	42	nmod:poss	_	_
42	protection	protection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	34	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **madame** *in a quote* |  | You |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **owe** *in a quote* | gerund | the King of Persia |  |  |  |  | to a adventure *goal* | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent to adventure=Goal |
| 3 | **believe** *in a quote* | future | you | adventure |  |  |  | scarcely *property* | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus |
| 4 | **find** *in a quote* | present | madame and son to the King of Persia | prince |  | here |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Topic |
| 5 | **protect** *in a quote* |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom protection «act transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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