---
title: I have kept you locked up," said the Sultan, "so that in case my son… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: I have kept you locked up," said the Sultan, "so that in case my son was lost, your life should pay the penalty. Who acts: I, Sultan, life. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 39, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 39, sentence 25

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I have kept you locked up," said the Sultan, "so that in case my son was lost, your life should pay the penalty.

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**Who acts:** I, Sultan, life · **What happens:** keep, lock up, say, lose, pay · **To what, where:** you, penalty · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 39. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, Sultan, life), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:39:25
# text = I have kept you locked up," said the Sultan, "so that in case my son was lost, your life should pay the penalty.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	kept	keep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	locked	lock	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	_
6	up	up	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	_
9	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	Sultan	Sultan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
13	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
15	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	19	case	_	_
17	case	case	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	fixed	_	_
18	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
20	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux:pass	_	_
21	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	26	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
23	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nsubj	_	_
25	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
26	pay	pay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	ccomp	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	penalty	penalty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present · perfect | I | you |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme |
| 2 | **lock up** | participle | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | past | the Sultan |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **lose** | past · passive | your life *not said here* |  |  |  |  | in my son | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V PP.eventuality S\_ING»: in son=Eventuality |
| 5 | **pay** | should | your life | the penalty |  |  |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent penalty=Asset |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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