--- title: When the Sultan of Persia saw the horse and its riders, he stopped s… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics description: When the Sultan of Persia saw the horse and its riders, he stopped short with astonishment and horror, and broke out into oaths and curses, which the Indian heard quite unmoved, knowing that he was perfectly safe from pursuit. Who acts: Sultan, Indian. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainment --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/39/33/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Arabian Nights Entertainments](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/) / [Opening, part 39](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/39/) / 33 # The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 39, sentence 33 When the Sultan of Persia saw the horse and its riders, he stopped short with astonishment and horror, and broke out into oaths and curses, which the Indian heard quite unmoved, knowing that he was perfectly safe from pursuit. **Who acts:** Sultan, Indian · **What happens:** see, stop, break out, hear, know, be · **To what, where:** horse, oaths, curses, pursuit · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 39. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sultan, Indian), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg128:39:33 # text = When the Sultan of Persia saw the horse and its riders, he stopped short with astonishment and horror, and broke out into oaths and curses, which the Indian heard quite unmoved, knowing that he was perfectly safe from pursuit. 1 When when ADV WRB PronType=Int 6 advmod _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 Sultan Sultan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 4 of of ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 Persia Persia PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _ 6 saw see VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 advcl _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 horse horse NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obj _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 10 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ _ 11 riders rider NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 12 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 13 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nsubj _ _ 14 stopped stop VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 15 short short ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 xcomp _ _ 16 with with ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 astonishment astonishment NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 19 horror horror NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 20 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 22 broke break VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 conj _ _ 23 out out ADP RP _ 22 compound:prt _ _ 24 into into ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 25 oaths oath NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 obl _ _ 26 and and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 27 curses curse NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 28 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 29 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 32 obj _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 Indian Indian ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 nsubj _ _ 32 heard hear VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 27 parataxis _ _ 33 quite quite ADV RB _ 34 advmod _ _ 34 unmoved unmoved ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 35 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 36 knowing know VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 32 advcl _ _ 37 that that SCONJ IN _ 41 mark _ _ 38 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 41 nsubj _ _ 39 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 41 cop _ _ 40 perfectly perfectly ADV RB _ 41 advmod _ _ 41 safe safe ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 36 ccomp _ _ 42 from from ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 43 pursuit pursuit NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 44 . . PUNCT . _ 14 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **see** | past | the Sultan of Persia | the horse and Indian's riders | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer horse=Stimulus | | 2 | **stop** | past | Sultan | | | | | short *property* | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | | 3 | **break out** | past | Sultan *not said here* | | | | | into oaths and curses *result* | vn break-45.1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Patient into oath=Result | | 4 | **hear** | past | the Indian | curses | | | | unmoved *property* | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer which=Stimulus | | 5 | **know** | gerund | the Indian *not said here* | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | | 6 | **is** | past | Sultan | | | pursuit | | perfectly, safe *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 32](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/39/32/) - next →: [sentence 34](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/39/34/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 39](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/39/)