---
title: As they passed by a ruined building the lady dismounted and went in. — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: As they passed by a ruined building the lady dismounted and went in. Who acts: birds, lady. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 4, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 4, sentence 52

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As they passed by a ruined building the lady dismounted and went in.

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**Who acts:** birds, lady · **What happens:** pass, ruin, dismount, go in

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This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (birds, lady), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:4:52
# text = As they passed by a ruined building the lady dismounted and went in.
1	As	as	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	passed	pass	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	ruined	ruin	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	amod	_	_
7	building	building	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	lady	lady	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	dismounted	dismount	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
13	in	in	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pass** | past | birds *= bird* |  |  |  |  | by a ruined building | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme by building=Location |
| 2 | **ruin** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **dismount** | past | the lady |  |  |  |  |  | vn disassemble-23.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **go in** | past | the lady *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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