---
title: To his great surprise, he heard her saying to some one inside, "Rejo… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: To his great surprise, he heard her saying to some one inside, "Rejoice my children; I am bringing you a nice fat youth." Who acts: prince, lady. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 4, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 4, sentence 54

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To his great surprise, he heard her saying to some one inside, "Rejoice my children; I am bringing you a nice fat youth."

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**Who acts:** prince, lady · **What happens:** hear, say, rejoice, bring, surprise · **To what, where:** lady, one, children, nice fat youth, you · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (prince, lady), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:4:54
# text = To his great surprise, he heard her saying to some one inside, "Rejoice my children; I am bringing you a nice fat youth."
1	To	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
3	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	surprise	surprise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	saying	say	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	xcomp	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	12	det	_	_
12	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
13	inside	inside	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	Rejoice	rejoice	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	advcl	_	_
17	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
20	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
21	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
22	bringing	bring	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	advcl	_	_
23	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	22	obj	_	_
24	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
25	nice	nice	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
26	fat	fat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	compound	_	_
27	youth	youth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	22	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | past | prince | lady |  |  |  | to prince's great surprise | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | lady *not said here* |  | some one |  |  | inside *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to one=Recipient |
| 3 | **rejoice** *in a quote* | infinitive | lady *not said here* | my children |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **bring** *in a quote* | present · progressive | lady | a nice fat youth | you |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent you=Destination youth=Theme |
| 5 | **surprise** |  | prince |  |  |  |  |  | nom surprise «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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