---
title: When all was ready, the Sultan appeared, and took his place on a pla… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: When all was ready, the Sultan appeared, and took his place on a platform, surrounded by the chief nobles and officers of his court. Who acts: all, Sultan. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 40, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 40, sentence 31

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When all was ready, the Sultan appeared, and took his place on a platform, surrounded by the chief nobles and officers of his court.

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**Who acts:** all, Sultan · **What happens:** be, appear, take, surround · **To what, where:** place, platform

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This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 40. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (all, Sultan), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:40:31
# text = When all was ready, the Sultan appeared, and took his place on a platform, surrounded by the chief nobles and officers of his court.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	ready	ready	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Sultan	Sultan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	appeared	appear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
12	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	on	on	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	platform	platform	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	surrounded	surround	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	acl	_	_
19	by	by	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	chief	chief	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	nobles	noble	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl:agent	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	officers	officer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	conj	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	27	nmod:poss	_	_
27	court	court	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | all |  |  |  |  | ready *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **appear** | past | the Sultan |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **take** | past | the Sultan *not said here* | Sultan's place |  | a platform |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent place=Theme on platform=Destination |
| 4 | **surround** | participle |  | a platform *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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