---
title: Here they were presented one by one, and when they had bowed before… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: Here they were presented one by one, and when they had bowed before the Sultan, the sovereign abruptly put the question to them: Who acts: ladies, sovereign. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 40, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every claus
---

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[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/40/56/)

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 40, sentence 56

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Here they were presented one by one, and when they had bowed before the Sultan, the sovereign abruptly put the question to them:

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**Who acts:** ladies, sovereign · **What happens:** present, bow, put · **To what, where:** ladies, Sultan, question

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This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 40. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ladies, sovereign), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:40:56
# text = Here they were presented one by one, and when they had bowed before the Sultan, the sovereign abruptly put the question to them:
1	Here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	presented	present	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	obj	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
10	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	13	advmod	_	_
11	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
12	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	bowed	bow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	_
14	before	before	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	Sultan	Sultan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	sovereign	sovereign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
20	abruptly	abruptly	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
21	put	put	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	acl:relcl	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	question	question	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
24	to	to	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **present** | past · passive |  | ladies *= lady* |  | here |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **bow** | past · perfect | ladies *= lady* |  |  | the Sultan |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent before sultan=Location |
| 3 | **put** | past | the sovereign | the question | ladies *= lady* |  |  | abruptly *property* | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent question=Goal |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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