---
title: At last she perceived in the distance the cage and the bird, whose v… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: At last she perceived in the distance the cage and the bird, whose voice joined itself in tones of thunder to those of the rest: "Return, return! never dare to come near me." Who acts: princess, voice, Return. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 42, with i
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 42, sentence 82

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
At last she perceived in the distance the cage and the bird, whose voice joined itself in tones of thunder to those of the rest: "Return, return! never dare to come near me."

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** princess, voice, Return · **What happens:** perceive, join, not dare, not come, intonate · **To what, where:** last, cage, tones, thunder · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 42. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (princess, voice, Return), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:42:82
# text = At last she perceived in the distance the cage and the bird, whose voice joined itself in tones of thunder to those of the rest: "Return, return! never dare to come near me."
1	At	at	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	obl	_	_
3	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	perceived	perceive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	distance	distance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	cage	cage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:unmarked	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
16	joined	join	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
17	itself	itself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	16	obj	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	tones	tone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	thunder	thunder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	_
22	to	to	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	those	that	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	21	nmod	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	rest	rest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	29	punct	_	_
28	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	29	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	Return	return	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
31	return	return	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	29	punct	_	_
33	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	34	advmod	_	_
34	dare	dare	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	parataxis	_	_
35	to	to	PART	TO	_	36	mark	_	_
36	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	34	xcomp	_	_
37	near	near	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
38	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	36	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **perceive** | past | princess |  |  | last |  | in the distance  the cage and the bird | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **join** | past | voice | cage |  | tones of thunder to those |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent itself=Patient |
| 3 | **not** **dare** *in a quote* | infinitive | Return and return |  |  |  |  |  | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **not** **come** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | Return and return *not said here* |  |  |  |  | near echoes *= echo* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme near i=Location |
| 5 | **intonate** |  |  | thunder to those |  |  |  |  | nom tone «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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