---
title: On hearing these words Prince Bahman and Prince Perviz understood al… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: On hearing these words Prince Bahman and Prince Perviz understood all they owed their sister, and the knights who stood by declared themselves her slaves and ready to carry out her wishes. Who acts: words, knights, stone. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, par
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 43, sentence 17

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
On hearing these words Prince Bahman and Prince Perviz understood all they owed their sister, and the knights who stood by declared themselves her slaves and ready to carry out her wishes.

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**Who acts:** words, knights, stone · **What happens:** hear, understand, owe, stand by, declare, carry out · **To what, where:** words, sister, knights, wishes · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 43. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (words, knights, stone), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:43:17
# text = On hearing these words Prince Bahman and Prince Perviz understood all they owed their sister, and the knights who stood by declared themselves her slaves and ready to carry out her wishes.
1	On	on	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	hearing	hear	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	advcl	_	_
3	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	4	det	_	_
4	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	Prince	Prince	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:desc	_	_
6	Bahman	Bahman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	Prince	Prince	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	Perviz	Perviz	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	flat	_	_
10	understood	understand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	all	all	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
12	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	owed	owe	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	ccomp	_	_
14	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	iobj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	knights	knight	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	nsubj	_	_
20	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	21	nsubj	_	_
21	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	acl:relcl	_	_
22	by	by	ADP	IN	_	21	obl	_	_
23	declared	declare	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
24	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	23	obj	_	_
25	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	slaves	slave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obj	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	ready	ready	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	conj	_	_
29	to	to	PART	TO	_	30	mark	_	_
30	carry	carry	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	28	xcomp	_	_
31	out	out	ADP	RP	_	30	compound:prt	_	_
32	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	33	nmod:poss	_	_
33	wishes	wish	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | gerund |  | this words |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer word=Stimulus |
| 2 | **understand** | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 3 | **owe** | past | words *= word* |  | words's sister |  |  | all *property* | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent sister=Theme |
| 4 | **stand by** | past | the knights |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **declare** *speech: other* | past | the knights | knights *= knight* |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent themselves=Theme slave=Attribute |
| 6 | **carry out** | to-infinitive | the knights *not said here* | stone's wishes |  |  |  |  | vn act-114 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wish=Eventuality |
| 7 | **wish** |  | stone |  |  |  |  |  | nom wish «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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