--- title: "Sire," answered the princess, "the voices all come from the tree wh… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics description: "Sire," answered the princess, "the voices all come from the tree which is straight in front of us; and if you will deign to advance a few steps, you will see that they become clearer." Who acts: Sire, all, tree, princess. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, pa --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/44/20/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Arabian Nights Entertainments](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/) / [Opening, part 44](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/44/) / 20 # The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 44, sentence 20 "Sire," answered the princess, "the voices all come from the tree which is straight in front of us; and if you will deign to advance a few steps, you will see that they become clearer." **Who acts:** Sire, all, tree, princess, voices · **What happens:** answer, come, be, deign, advance, see · **To what, where:** voices, princess, tree, front, few steps · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 44. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sire, all, tree, princess), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg128:44:20 # text = "Sire," answered the princess, "the voices all come from the tree which is straight in front of us; and if you will deign to advance a few steps, you will see that they become clearer." 1 " " PUNCT `` _ 2 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 2 Sire sire NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 3 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 4 " " PUNCT '' _ 2 punct _ _ 5 answered answer VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 princess princess NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 8 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 9 " " PUNCT `` _ 11 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 voices voice NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obl _ _ 12 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 13 nsubj _ _ 13 come come VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 acl:relcl _ _ 14 from from ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 tree tree NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obl _ _ 17 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 21 nsubj _ _ 18 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 cop _ _ 19 straight straight ADV RB _ 21 advmod _ _ 20 in in ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 21 front front NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nmod _ _ 22 of of ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 23 us we PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 21 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 24 ; ; PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 26 if if SCONJ IN _ 29 mark _ _ 27 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 29 nsubj _ _ 28 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 29 aux _ _ 29 deign deign VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 parataxis _ _ 30 to to PART TO _ 31 mark _ _ 31 advance advance VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 29 xcomp _ _ 32 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 33 few few ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 34 amod _ _ 34 steps step NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 35 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 36 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 38 nsubj _ _ 37 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 38 aux _ _ 38 see see VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 29 conj _ _ 39 that that SCONJ IN _ 41 mark _ _ 40 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 41 nsubj _ _ 41 become become VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 38 ccomp _ _ 42 clearer clear ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 41 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 43 . . PUNCT . _ 29 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 44 " " PUNCT '' _ 29 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **answer** *speech: assert* | past | Sire | the voices | the princess | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **come** *in a quote* | present | all | the voices *not said here* | | the tree | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location voice=Theme | | 3 | **is** *in a quote* | present | the tree | | | front | | of us; straight *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **deign** *a condition, not said to happen, in a quote* | future | the princess *= princess* | | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **advance** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | the princess *= princess* *not said here* | a few steps | | | | | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Causer step=Patient | | 6 | **see** *in a quote* | future | the princess *= princess* | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 7 | **become** *in a quote* | present | voices *= voice* | | | | | clear *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/44/19/) - next →: [sentence 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/44/21/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 44](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/44/)