---
title: When he came near to it he saw it was a splendid palace of beautiful… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: When he came near to it he saw it was a splendid palace of beautiful black polished marble, covered with steel as smooth as a mirror. Who acts: Sultan, front. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 5, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every claus
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 5, sentence 66

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
When he came near to it he saw it was a splendid palace of beautiful black polished marble, covered with steel as smooth as a mirror.

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**Who acts:** Sultan, front · **What happens:** come, see, be, polish, cover · **To what, where:** front, splendid palace, beautiful black polished marble · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sultan, front), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:5:66
# text = When he came near to it he saw it was a splendid palace of beautiful black polished marble, covered with steel as smooth as a mirror.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	3	advmod	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	_
4	near	near	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
10	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	splendid	splendid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	palace	palace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	ccomp	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
15	beautiful	beautiful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
16	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
17	polished	polish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	amod	_	_
18	marble	marble	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	acl	_	_
21	with	with	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	steel	steel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
23	as	as	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	smooth	smooth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	obl	_	_
25	as	as	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	mirror	mirror	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | Sultan |  |  | front |  | near *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to it=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **see** | past | Sultan |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **is a** | past | front | a splendid palace |  |  |  | of beautiful black polished marble | tree rules |
| 4 | **polish** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **cover** | participle |  | beautiful black polished marble *not said here* |  |  |  | with steel; as smooth; as a mirror | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with steel=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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