--- title: We entered it, and found the trap-door which led to the staircase, b… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics description: We entered it, and found the trap-door which led to the staircase, but we had great difficulty in raising it, because the prince had fastened it down underneath with the plaster he had brought with him. Who acts: We, trap door, great difficulty, prince. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainmen --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/7/110/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Arabian Nights Entertainments](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/) / [Opening, part 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/7/) / 110 # The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 7, sentence 110 We entered it, and found the trap-door which led to the staircase, but we had great difficulty in raising it, because the prince had fastened it down underneath with the plaster he had brought with him. **Who acts:** We, trap door, great difficulty, prince · **What happens:** enter, find, lead, have, raise, fasten down · **To what, where:** tomb, trap door, great difficulty, prince, plaster This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (We, trap door, great difficulty, prince), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg128:7:110 # text = We entered it, and found the trap-door which led to the staircase, but we had great difficulty in raising it, because the prince had fastened it down underneath with the plaster he had brought with him. 1 We we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 entered enter VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 4 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 5 and and CCONJ CC _ 6 cc _ _ 6 found find VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 8 trap trap NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 9 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 8 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 10 door door NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obj _ _ 11 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 12 nsubj _ _ 12 led lead VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 10 acl:relcl _ _ 13 to to ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 staircase staircase NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 16 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 17 but but CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 18 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 19 nsubj _ _ 19 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ _ 20 great great ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 amod _ _ 21 difficulty difficulty NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obj _ _ 22 in in SCONJ IN _ 23 mark _ _ 23 raising raise VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 21 acl _ _ 24 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 25 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 26 because because SCONJ IN _ 30 mark _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 prince prince NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 nsubj:pass _ _ 29 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 30 aux _ _ 30 fastened fasten VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 19 conj _ _ 31 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 obj _ _ 32 down down ADP RP _ 30 compound:prt _ _ 33 underneath underneath ADV RB _ 30 advmod _ _ 34 with with ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 35 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 36 plaster plaster NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 obl _ _ 37 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 39 nsubj _ _ 38 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 39 aux _ _ 39 brought bring VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 36 acl:relcl _ _ 40 with with ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 41 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 39 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 42 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **enter** | past | We | tomb | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Destination | | 2 | **find** | past | We *not said here* | the trap door | | | | | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent door=Topic | | 3 | **lead** | past | the trap door | | | | | to the staircase | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition to staircase=Patient | | 4 | **have** | past | we | great difficulty | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent difficulty=Patient | | 5 | **raise** | gerund | great difficulty *not said here* | tomb | | | | | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | | 6 | **fasten down** | past · perfect · passive | | the prince | | | | with the plaster; underneath *property* | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP ADJP»: subject=Patient it=Result | | 7 | **bring** | past · perfect | prince | the plaster *not said here* | | | | with door | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent plaster=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 109](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/7/109/) - next →: [sentence 111](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/7/111/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/7/)