--- title: You must know that all this time the king, my uncle, was absent on a… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics description: You must know that all this time the king, my uncle, was absent on a hunting expedition, and as no one knew when he would be back, I at last decided to return home, leaving the ministers to make my excuses. Who acts: You, one, hearing, I. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew L --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/7/83/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Arabian Nights Entertainments](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/) / [Opening, part 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/7/) / 83 # The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 7, sentence 83 You must know that all this time the king, my uncle, was absent on a hunting expedition, and as no one knew when he would be back, I at last decided to return home, leaving the ministers to make my excuses. **Who acts:** You, one, hearing, I, my · **What happens:** know, be, decide, return, leave, make · **To what, where:** hunting expedition, ministers, excuses · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (You, one, hearing, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg128:7:83 # text = You must know that all this time the king, my uncle, was absent on a hunting expedition, and as no one knew when he would be back, I at last decided to return home, leaving the ministers to make my excuses. 1 You you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 2 must must AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 3 aux _ _ 3 know know VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 4 that that SCONJ IN _ 15 mark _ _ 5 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 7 det:predet _ _ 6 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 7 det _ _ 7 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl:unmarked _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 appos _ SpaceAfter=No 10 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 11 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ _ 12 uncle uncle NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 13 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 14 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 15 cop _ _ 15 absent absent ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 ccomp _ _ 16 on on ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 17 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 18 hunting hunting NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 compound _ _ 19 expedition expedition NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 20 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 22 as as SCONJ IN _ 25 mark _ _ 23 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 24 det _ _ 24 one one NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nsubj _ _ 25 knew know VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 26 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 30 advmod _ _ 27 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 nsubj _ _ 28 would would AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 30 aux _ _ 29 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 30 cop _ _ 30 back back ADV RB _ 25 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 31 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 32 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 35 nsubj _ _ 33 at at SCONJ IN _ 35 mark _ _ 34 last last ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 35 nsubj _ _ 35 decided decide VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 36 to to PART TO _ 37 mark _ _ 37 return return VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 35 xcomp _ _ 38 home home ADV RB _ 37 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 39 , , PUNCT , _ 40 punct _ _ 40 leaving leave VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 35 advcl _ _ 41 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 42 det _ _ 42 ministers minister NOUN NNS Number=Plur 40 obj _ _ 43 to to PART TO _ 44 mark _ _ 44 make make VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 40 advcl _ _ 45 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 46 nmod:poss _ _ 46 excuses excuse NOUN NNS Number=Plur 44 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 47 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **know** | must | You | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | | 2 | **is** | past | | | | a hunting expedition | time | absent *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **know** | past | no one | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | | 4 | **is** | would | hearing | | | | | back *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **decide** | past | I | | | | | | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 6 | **return** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | I *not said here* | | | | | home *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 7 | **leave** | gerund | I *not said here* | the ministers | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent minister=Theme | | 8 | **make** | to-infinitive | I *not said here* | my excuses | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset excuse=Product | | 9 | **excuse** | | my | | | | | | nom excuse «communication transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 82](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/7/82/) - next →: [sentence 84](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/7/84/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg128/7/)