---
title: He then ran off triumphantly, without having been seen by anyone, an… — The Arabian Nights Entertainments · tree and pragmatics
description: He then ran off triumphantly, without having been seen by anyone, and congratulating himself that the object of his hatred was dead, and would trouble him no more. Who acts: dervish, anyone, object. A sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 9, with its dependenc
---

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# The Arabian Nights Entertainments, Opening, part 9, sentence 56

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He then ran off triumphantly, without having been seen by anyone, and congratulating himself that the object of his hatred was dead, and would trouble him no more.

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**Who acts:** dervish, anyone, object · **What happens:** run off, see, congratulate, be · **To what, where:** dervish

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This is a sentence of «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 9. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dervish, anyone, object), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg128:9:56
# text = He then ran off triumphantly, without having been seen by anyone, and congratulating himself that the object of his hatred was dead, and would trouble him no more.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
3	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	off	off	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	triumphantly	triumphantly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
8	having	have	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	aux	_	_
9	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	parataxis	_	_
11	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	anyone	anyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	10	obl:agent	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
15	congratulating	congratulate	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	24	csubj	_	_
16	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	15	obj	_	_
17	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	object	object	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nsubj	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	hatred	hatred	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	_
23	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	cop	_	_
24	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
27	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
28	trouble	trouble	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	_
29	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	obj	_	_
30	no	no	ADV	RB	_	31	advmod	_	_
31	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	28	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run off** | past | dervish |  |  |  | then | triumphantly *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **see** | gerund · perfect · passive | anyone |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **congratulate** | gerund |  | dervish |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Theme |
| 4 | **is** | past | the object of dervish's hatred |  |  |  |  | dead *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Arabian Nights Entertainments» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 128 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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