---
title: Now she says, "Have you not another son?" when the King began so to… — More English Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Now she says, "Have you not another son?" when the King began so to shiver and shake and knock his two knees together that he could scarcely stand upon his legs, and did not know what to say to her, he was so much frightened. Who acts: other, you, King, Prince. A sentence of «More English Fairy Tale
---

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# More English Fairy Tales, More English Fairy Tales, part 13, sentence 102

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Now she says, "Have you not another son?" when the King began so to shiver and shake and knock his two knees together that he could scarcely stand upon his legs, and did not know what to say to her, he was so much frightened.

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**Who acts:** other, you, King, Prince · **What happens:** say, have, begin, shiver, shake, knock · **To what, where:** son, two knees, legs, other, Prince · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «More English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, More English Fairy Tales, part 13. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (other, you, King, Prince), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg14241:27:102
# text = Now she says, "Have you not another son?" when the King began so to shiver and shake and knock his two knees together that he could scarcely stand upon his legs, and did not know what to say to her, he was so much frightened.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	Have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
9	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	10	det	_	_
10	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
13	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	16	advmod	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	King	King	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
16	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
17	so	so	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
19	shiver	shiver	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	xcomp	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	shake	shake	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	conj	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	knock	knock	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	conj	_	_
24	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
25	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	26	nummod	_	_
26	knees	knee	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obj	_	_
27	together	together	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
28	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	32	mark	_	_
29	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
30	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	32	aux	_	_
31	scarcely	scarcely	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	_
32	stand	stand	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	advcl	_	_
33	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	35	nmod:poss	_	_
35	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
37	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	40	cc	_	_
38	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	40	aux	_	_
39	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	40	advmod	_	_
40	know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
41	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	43	obj	_	_
42	to	to	PART	TO	_	43	mark	_	_
43	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	40	ccomp	_	_
44	to	to	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
45	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	43	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	51	punct	_	_
47	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	51	nsubj:pass	_	_
48	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	51	aux:pass	_	_
49	so	so	ADV	RB	_	50	advmod	_	_
50	much	much	ADV	RB	_	51	advmod	_	_
51	frightened	frighten	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	40	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
52	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: ask* | present | other |  |  |  | now |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **have** *in a quote* | present | you | another son |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **begin** | past | the King |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 4 | **shiver** | to-infinitive | the King *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn body\_internal\_states-40.6 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 5 | **shake** | infinitive | the King *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 6 | **knock** | infinitive | the King *not said here* | Prince's two knees |  |  |  | together *property* | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent knee=Patient |
| 7 | **stand** | could | Prince |  |  | Prince's legs |  | scarcely *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent upon leg=Location |
| 8 | **not** **know** | past · do-support |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 9 | **say** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive |  |  | other |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent what=Topic to she=Recipient |
| 10 | **frighten** | past · passive |  | Prince |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «More English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 14241 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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