---
title: "Now," said the Fish, "here you are, and yon's the stair; climb up,… — More English Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: "Now," said the Fish, "here you are, and yon's the stair; climb up, if you can, but hold on fast. Who acts: Fish, yon. A sentence of «More English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, More English Fairy Tales, part 16, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# More English Fairy Tales, More English Fairy Tales, part 16, sentence 1

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"Now," said the Fish, "here you are, and yon's the stair; climb up, if you can, but hold on fast.

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**Who acts:** Fish, yon · **What happens:** say, be, climb up, hold on · **To what, where:** stair · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «More English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, More English Fairy Tales, part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Fish, yon), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg14241:30:1
# text = "Now," said the Fish, "here you are, and yon's the stair; climb up, if you can, but hold on fast.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Fish	Fish	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	ccomp	_	_
11	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
15	yon	yon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	stair	stair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
20	climb	climb	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
21	up	up	ADP	RP	_	20	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
23	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
24	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
25	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
27	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	hold	hold	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	conj	_	_
29	on	on	ADP	RP	_	28	compound:prt	_	_
30	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	28	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the Fish |  |  |  | now |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** *in a quote* | present |  |  |  |  |  | here *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | yon | the stair |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **climb up** *in a quote* | infinitive | the Fish *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **hold on** *in a quote* | infinitive | the Fish *not said here* |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «More English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 14241 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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