---
title: There lived formerly in the County of Cumberland a nobleman who had… — More English Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: There lived formerly in the County of Cumberland a nobleman who had three sons, two of whom were comely and clever youths, but the other a natural fool, named Jack, who was generally engaged with the sheep: he was dressed in a parti-coloured coat, and a steeple-crowned hat with a tassel, as became h
---

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# More English Fairy Tales, More English Fairy Tales, part 19, sentence 105

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There lived formerly in the County of Cumberland a nobleman who had three sons, two of whom were comely and clever youths, but the other a natural fool, named Jack, who was generally engaged with the sheep: he was dressed in a parti-coloured coat, and a steeple-crowned hat with a tassel, as became his condition.

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**Who acts:** nobleman, Jack · **What happens:** live, have, be, name, engage, dress · **To what, where:** nobleman, County, three sons, other, Jack, coloured coat

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This is a sentence of «More English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, More English Fairy Tales, part 19. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (nobleman, Jack), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg14241:33:105
# text = There lived formerly in the County of Cumberland a nobleman who had three sons, two of whom were comely and clever youths, but the other a natural fool, named Jack, who was generally engaged with the sheep: he was dressed in a parti-coloured coat, and a steeple-crowned hat with a tassel, as became his condition.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	formerly	formerly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	County	County	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Cumberland	Cumberland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	nobleman	nobleman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl:unmarked	_	_
11	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
13	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	14	nummod	_	_
14	sons	son	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	14	appos	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	20	nsubj	_	_
19	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
20	comely	comely	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	acl:relcl	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
22	clever	clever	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	youths	youth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
25	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	nsubj:pass	_	_
28	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
29	natural	natural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	fool	fool	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
32	named	name	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	parataxis	_	_
33	Jack	Jack	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
35	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	38	nsubj:pass	_	_
36	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	38	aux:pass	_	_
37	generally	generally	ADV	RB	_	38	advmod	_	_
38	engaged	engage	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	33	acl:relcl	_	_
39	with	with	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
40	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
41	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	38	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	45	punct	_	_
43	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	45	nsubj	_	_
44	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	45	aux:pass	_	_
45	dressed	dress	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	parataxis	_	_
46	in	in	ADP	IN	_	51	case	_	_
47	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	51	det	_	_
48	parti	parti	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	50	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
49	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	48	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
50	coloured	coloured	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	51	amod	_	_
51	coat	coat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
52	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	58	punct	_	_
53	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	58	cc	_	_
54	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	58	det	_	_
55	steeple	steeple	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	57	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
56	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	55	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
57	crowned	crown	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	58	amod	_	_
58	hat	hat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	obl	_	_
59	with	with	ADP	IN	_	61	case	_	_
60	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	61	det	_	_
61	tassel	tassel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	58	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
62	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	64	punct	_	_
63	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	64	mark	_	_
64	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	45	conj	_	_
65	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	66	nmod:poss	_	_
66	condition	condition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	64	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
67	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | past |  | a nobleman |  | the County of Cumberland; there |  | formerly *property* | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in county=Location |
| 2 | **have** | past | a nobleman | three sons |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent son=Patient |
| 3 | **is** | past |  |  |  |  |  | comely *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **name** | participle · passive |  | the other |  |  |  |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP NP»: subject=Theme jack=Attribute |
| 5 | **engage** | past · passive |  | Jack |  |  |  | with the sheep; generally *property* | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 6 | **dress** | past · passive |  | Jack |  | a coloured coat |  | a crowned hat with a tassel *obl* | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 7 | **crown** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 8 | **become** | past |  | Jack's condition |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 9 | **condition** |  | Jack |  |  |  |  |  | nom condition «state transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «More English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 14241 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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