---
title: The windows were often frozen over; but then they heated copper fart… — Andersen's Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: The windows were often frozen over; but then they heated copper farthings on the stove, and laid the hot farthing on the windowpane, and then they had a capital peep-hole, quite nicely rounded; and out of each peeped a gentle friendly eye--it was the little boy and the little girl who were looking o
---

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# Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Snow Queen, part 1, sentence 33

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The windows were often frozen over; but then they heated copper farthings on the stove, and laid the hot farthing on the windowpane, and then they had a capital peep-hole, quite nicely rounded; and out of each peeped a gentle friendly eye--it was the little boy and the little girl who were looking out.

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**Who acts:** boxes, window, little girl · **What happens:** freeze over, heat, lay, have, round, peep · **To what, where:** windows, copper farthings, hot farthing, windowpane, capital peep hole, gentle friendly eye

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This is a sentence of «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, The Snow Queen, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boxes, window, little girl), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg1597:11:33
# text = The windows were often frozen over; but then they heated copper farthings on the stove, and laid the hot farthing on the windowpane, and then they had a capital peep-hole, quite nicely rounded; and out of each peeped a gentle friendly eye--it was the little boy and the little girl who were looking out.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	windows	window	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	often	often	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	frozen	freeze	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	over	over	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	11	advmod	_	_
10	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	heated	heat	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
12	copper	copper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	farthings	farthing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	_
14	on	on	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	stove	stove	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	laid	lay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	farthing	farthing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
23	on	on	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	windowpane	windowpane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
28	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	30	advmod	_	_
29	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	30	nsubj	_	_
30	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
31	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
32	capital	capital	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	35	amod	_	_
33	peep	peep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	33	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	hole	hole	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
37	quite	quite	ADV	RB	_	39	advmod	_	_
38	nicely	nicely	ADV	RB	_	39	advmod	_	_
39	rounded	round	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	35	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	45	punct	_	_
41	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	45	cc	_	_
42	out	out	ADP	IN	_	45	mark	_	_
43	of	of	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
44	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	45	obl	_	_
45	peeped	peep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
46	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	49	det	_	_
47	gentle	gentle	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	49	amod	_	_
48	friendly	friendly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	49	amod	_	_
49	eye	eye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
50	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	55	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
51	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	55	nsubj	_	_
52	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	55	cop	_	_
53	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	55	det	_	_
54	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	55	amod	_	_
55	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	obl	_	_
56	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	59	cc	_	_
57	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	59	det	_	_
58	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	59	amod	_	_
59	girl	girl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	55	conj	_	_
60	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	62	nsubj	_	_
61	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	62	aux	_	_
62	looking	look	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	59	conj	_	_
63	out	out	ADP	RP	_	62	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
64	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **freeze over** | past · passive |  | the windows |  |  |  | often, over *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Result |
| 2 | **heat** | past | boxes *= box* | copper farthings |  |  | then | on the stove | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent farthing=Patient on stove=Instrument |
| 3 | **lay** | past | boxes *= box* *not said here* | the hot farthing |  | the windowpane |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent farthing=Theme on windowpane=Destination |
| 4 | **have** | past | boxes *= box* | a capital peep hole |  |  | then |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hole=Patient |
| 5 | **round** | participle |  | a capital peep hole *not said here* |  |  |  | nicely *property* | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 6 | **peep** | past |  | a gentle friendly eye |  |  |  | of each | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent eye=Theme |
| 7 | **is a** | past | window | the little boy and the little girl |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 8 | **look out** | past · progressive | the little girl |  |  |  |  |  | vn caring-75.2-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 1597 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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