---
title: The little boy was frightened, and jumped down from the chair; it se… — Andersen's Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: The little boy was frightened, and jumped down from the chair; it seemed to him as if, at the same moment, a large bird flew past the window. Who acts: it, large bird. A sentence of «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, The Snow Queen, part 1, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of eve
---

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# Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Snow Queen, part 1, sentence 51

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The little boy was frightened, and jumped down from the chair; it seemed to him as if, at the same moment, a large bird flew past the window.

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**Who acts:** it, large bird · **What happens:** frighten, jump down, seem, fly · **To what, where:** little boy, chair, account, window

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, The Snow Queen, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (it, large bird), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg1597:11:51
# text = The little boy was frightened, and jumped down from the chair; it seemed to him as if, at the same moment, a large bird flew past the window.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	frightened	frighten	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	jumped	jump	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
9	down	down	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
10	from	from	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	chair	chair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	seemed	seem	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obl	_	_
18	as	as	ADP	IN	_	15	xcomp	_	_
19	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	18	fixed	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
21	at	at	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	moment	moment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
29	flew	fly	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	conj	_	_
30	past	past	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	window	window	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **frighten** | past · passive |  | the little boy |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer |
| 2 | **jump down** | past |  |  |  | the chair |  | down *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from chair=Trajectory |
| 3 | **seem** | past | it |  | account |  |  |  | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **fly** | past | a large bird |  |  | the window | moment |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme past window=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 1597 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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