---
title: And he held fast by Gerda, who laughed and wept for joy. — Andersen's Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: And he held fast by Gerda, who laughed and wept for joy. Who acts: Hereupon, Gerda. A sentence of «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, The Snow Queen, part 5, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg1597/15/44/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Andersen's Fairy Tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg1597/) / [The Snow Queen, part 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg1597/15/) / 44

# Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Snow Queen, part 5, sentence 44

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And he held fast by Gerda, who laughed and wept for joy.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Hereupon, Gerda · **What happens:** hold, laugh, weep

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, The Snow Queen, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hereupon, Gerda), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg1597:15:44
# text = And he held fast by Gerda, who laughed and wept for joy.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	held	hold	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	3	advmod	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Gerda	Gerda	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	laughed	laugh	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	wept	weep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	joy	joy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | past | Hereupon |  |  |  |  | by Gerda; fast *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by gerda=Location |
| 2 | **laugh** | past | Gerda |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **weep** | past | Gerda *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for joy | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 1597 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 43](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg1597/15/43/)
- next →: [sentence 45](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg1597/15/45/)
- ↑ back to [The Snow Queen, part 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg1597/15/)