--- title: The old councillor, who had had three orders given him to make him h… — Andersen's Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics description: The old councillor, who had had three orders given him to make him hold his tongue, asserted that the Leap-frog was a prophet; for that one could see on his back, if there would be a severe or mild winter, and that was what one could not see even on the back of the man who writes the almanac. Who ac --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg1597/16/12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Andersen's Fairy Tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg1597/) / [The Leap-frog](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg1597/16/) / 12 # Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Leap-frog, sentence 12 The old councillor, who had had three orders given him to make him hold his tongue, asserted that the Leap-frog was a prophet; for that one could see on his back, if there would be a severe or mild winter, and that was what one could not see even on the back of the man who writes the almanac. **Who acts:** old councillor, three orders, councillor, Leap frog, one, severe winter · **What happens:** have, give, make, hold, assert, be · **To what, where:** three orders, councillor, tongue, prophet, back, almanac This is a sentence of «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, The Leap-frog. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old councillor, three orders, councillor, Leap frog), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg1597:16:12 # text = The old councillor, who had had three orders given him to make him hold his tongue, asserted that the Leap-frog was a prophet; for that one could see on his back, if there would be a severe or mild winter, and that was what one could not see even on the back of the man who writes the almanac. 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 councillor councillor NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 4 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 5 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 7 nsubj _ _ 6 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 aux _ _ 7 had have VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 3 acl:relcl _ _ 8 three three NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 9 nummod _ _ 9 orders order NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 obj _ _ 10 given give VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 9 acl _ _ 11 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 obj _ _ 12 to to PART TO _ 13 mark _ _ 13 make make VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 10 advcl _ _ 14 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 obj _ _ 15 hold hold VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 13 xcomp _ _ 16 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ _ 17 tongue tongue NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 18 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 19 asserted assert VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 20 that that SCONJ IN _ 27 mark _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 22 Leap leap NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 23 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 22 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 24 frog frog NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 nsubj _ _ 25 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 27 cop _ _ 26 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 prophet prophet NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 28 ; ; PUNCT : _ 33 punct _ _ 29 for for SCONJ IN _ 33 mark _ _ 30 that that DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 31 det _ _ 31 one one NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 nsubj _ _ 32 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 33 aux _ _ 33 see see VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 19 conj _ _ 34 on on ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 35 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 36 nmod:poss _ _ 36 back back NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 37 , , PUNCT , _ 41 punct _ _ 38 if if SCONJ IN _ 41 mark _ _ 39 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 41 expl _ _ 40 would would AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 41 aux _ _ 41 be be VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 33 conj _ _ 42 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 46 det _ _ 43 severe severe ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 46 amod _ _ 44 or or CCONJ CC _ 45 cc _ _ 45 mild mild ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 43 conj _ _ 46 winter winter NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 47 , , PUNCT , _ 55 punct _ _ 48 and and CCONJ CC _ 55 cc _ _ 49 that that PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 55 nsubj _ _ 50 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 55 cop _ _ 51 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 55 obj _ _ 52 one one PRON PRP Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 55 nsubj _ _ 53 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 55 aux _ _ 54 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 55 advmod _ _ 55 see see VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 33 conj _ _ 56 even even ADV RB _ 59 advmod _ _ 57 on on ADP IN _ 59 case _ _ 58 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 59 det _ _ 59 back back NOUN NN Number=Sing 55 obl _ _ 60 of of ADP IN _ 62 case _ _ 61 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 62 det _ _ 62 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 59 nmod _ _ 63 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 64 nsubj _ _ 64 writes write VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 62 acl:relcl _ _ 65 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 66 det _ _ 66 almanac almanac NOUN NN Number=Sing 64 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 67 . . PUNCT . _ 19 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | past · perfect | the old councillor | three orders | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent order=Patient | | 2 | **give** | participle | three orders *not said here* | councillor | | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | | 3 | **make** | to-infinitive | three orders *not said here* | councillor | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **hold** | infinitive | councillor *not said here* | councillor's tongue | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tongue=Theme | | 5 | **assert** | past | the old councillor | | | | | | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **is a** | past | the Leap frog | a prophet | | | | | tree rules | | 7 | **see** | could | that one | | | councillor's back | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | | 8 | **be** *a condition, not said to happen* | would | a severe winter | | | there | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 9 | **not** **is** | could · past | that | | | the back of the man | | see *property* | tree rules | | 10 | **write** | present | the man | the almanac | | | | | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent almanac=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 1597 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg1597/16/11/) - next →: [sentence 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg1597/16/13/) - ↑ back to [The Leap-frog](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg1597/16/)