---
title: Many years ago, there was an Emperor, who was so excessively fond of… — Andersen's Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Many years ago, there was an Emperor, who was so excessively fond of new clothes, that he spent all his money in dress. Who acts: Emperor. A sentence of «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, The Emperor's New Clothes, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Emperor's New Clothes, sentence 1

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Many years ago, there was an Emperor, who was so excessively fond of new clothes, that he spent all his money in dress.

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**Who acts:** Emperor · **What happens:** be, spend · **To what, where:** money, dress

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This is a sentence of «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, The Emperor's New Clothes. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Emperor), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg1597:2:1
# text = Many years ago, there was an Emperor, who was so excessively fond of new clothes, that he spent all his money in dress.
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl:unmarked	_	_
3	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	6	expl	_	_
6	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Emperor	Emperor	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
10	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
11	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
12	so	so	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
13	excessively	excessively	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	fond	fond	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	clothes	clothes	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
20	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
21	spent	spend	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
22	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	24	det:predet	_	_
23	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
25	in	in	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	dress	dress	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | a Emperor |  |  | there |  | ago *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | past | a Emperor |  |  |  |  | of new clothes; excessively, fond *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **spend** | past | Emperor | Emperor's money |  | dress |  |  | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Asset |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 1597 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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