---
title: “Black snails, I dare say, there are enough of,” said the old one. — Andersen's Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: “Black snails, I dare say, there are enough of,” said the old one. Who acts: I, Black snails, old one. A sentence of «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, The Happy Family, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg1597/20/34/)

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# Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Happy Family, sentence 34

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“Black snails, I dare say, there are enough of,” said the old one.

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**Who acts:** I, Black snails, old one · **What happens:** dare, say, be · **To what, where:** Black snails · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, The Happy Family. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, Black snails, old one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg1597:20:34
# text = “Black snails, I dare say, there are enough of,” said the old one.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	snails	snail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	dare	dare	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
7	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
9	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	10	expl	_	_
10	are	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	enough	enough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	nsubj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	_
15	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	parataxis	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dare** *in a quote* | present | I | Black snails *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent snail=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | infinitive | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **does** *in a quote* | present | Black snails |  |  | there |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the old one |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 1597 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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