--- title: When a friendship is formed between men, they generally affirm it, w… — Andersen's Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics description: When a friendship is formed between men, they generally affirm it, when occasion offers, either in public or private, by drinking to each other and exclaiming, “thy health,” at the same time striking their glasses together. Who acts: acquaintances, occasion, same time. A sentence of «Andersen's Fair --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg1597/23/117/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Andersen's Fairy Tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg1597/) / [The Shadow](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg1597/23/) / 117 # Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Shadow, sentence 117 When a friendship is formed between men, they generally affirm it, when occasion offers, either in public or private, by drinking to each other and exclaiming, “thy health,” at the same time striking their glasses together. **Who acts:** acquaintances, occasion, same time · **What happens:** form, affirm, offer, drink, exclaim, strike · **To what, where:** friendship, health, glasses This is a sentence of «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, The Shadow. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (acquaintances, occasion, same time), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg1597:23:117 # text = When a friendship is formed between men, they generally affirm it, when occasion offers, either in public or private, by drinking to each other and exclaiming, “thy health,” at the same time striking their glasses together. 1 When when ADV WRB PronType=Int 5 advmod _ _ 2 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 friendship friendship NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj:pass _ _ 4 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux:pass _ _ 5 formed form VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 6 between between ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 men man NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 8 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 9 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 nsubj _ _ 10 generally generally ADV RB _ 11 advmod _ _ 11 affirm affirm VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ _ 12 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 13 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 14 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 16 advmod _ _ 15 occasion occasion NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nsubj _ _ 16 offers offer VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 17 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 18 either either CCONJ CC _ 20 cc:preconj _ _ 19 in in ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 public public ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 advcl _ _ 21 or or CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 22 private private ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 20 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 23 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 24 by by SCONJ IN _ 25 mark _ _ 25 drinking drink VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 16 advcl _ _ 26 to to ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 each each DET DT ExtPos=PRON|PronType=Rcp 25 obl _ _ 28 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 27 fixed _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 30 exclaiming exclaim VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 25 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 31 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 32 “ " PUNCT `` _ 34 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 33 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 34 nmod:poss _ _ 34 health health NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 35 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 36 ” " PUNCT '' _ 30 punct _ _ 37 at at ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 38 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 40 det _ _ 39 same same ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 40 amod _ _ 40 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 obl _ _ 41 striking strike VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 40 acl _ _ 42 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 43 nmod:poss _ _ 43 glasses glass NOUN NNS Number=Plur 41 obj _ _ 44 together together ADV RB _ 41 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 45 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **form** | present · passive | | a friendship | | | | between men | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme | | 2 | **affirm** | present | acquaintances *= acquaintance* | friendship | | | | generally *property* | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus | | 3 | **offer** | present | occasion | | | | | | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **drink** | gerund | occasion *not said here* | | | | | to each | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **exclaim** *speech: express* | gerund | occasion *not said here* | thy health | | | time | | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent health=Topic | | 6 | **strike** | gerund | the same time *not said here* | acquaintances's glasses | | | | together *property* | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent glass=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 1597 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 116](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg1597/23/116/) - next →: [sentence 118](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg1597/23/118/) - ↑ back to [The Shadow](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg1597/23/)