---
title: But servants and inferiors do not use the same term to their masters… — Andersen's Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: But servants and inferiors do not use the same term to their masters, or superiors--nor is it ever used when speaking to a stranger, or anyone with whom they are but slightly acquainted--they then say as in English--you. Who acts: servants, superior. A sentence of «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. A
---

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# Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Shadow, sentence 121

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But servants and inferiors do not use the same term to their masters, or superiors--nor is it ever used when speaking to a stranger, or anyone with whom they are but slightly acquainted--they then say as in English--you.

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**Who acts:** servants, superior · **What happens:** not use, be, speak, acquaint, say · **To what, where:** same term, anyone, servants · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, The Shadow. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (servants, superior), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg1597:23:121
# text = But servants and inferiors do not use the same term to their masters, or superiors--nor is it ever used when speaking to a stranger, or anyone with whom they are but slightly acquainted--they then say as in English--you.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
2	servants	servant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	inferiors	inferior	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
5	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	use	use	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	term	term	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	masters	master	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	superiors	superior	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	22	cc	_	_
19	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	cop	_	_
20	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
21	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	22	advmod	_	_
22	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	parataxis	_	_
23	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	24	advmod	_	_
24	speaking	speak	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	22	advcl	_	_
25	to	to	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	stranger	stranger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
29	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
30	anyone	anyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	24	obl	_	_
31	with	with	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	30	nmod	_	_
33	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	37	nsubj	_	_
34	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	37	aux:pass	_	_
35	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
36	slightly	slightly	ADV	RB	_	37	advmod	_	_
37	acquainted	acquaint	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	32	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	41	nsubj	_	_
40	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	41	advmod	_	_
41	say	say	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	parataxis	_	_
42	as	as	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
43	in	in	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
44	English	English	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	41	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
45	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	46	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	44	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **use** | present · do-support | servants and inferiors | the same term |  |  |  | to servants's masters or superiors | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent term=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present | superior |  |  |  | ever | use *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **speak** *speech: other* | gerund | superior *not said here* | anyone |  |  |  | to a stranger | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to stranger=Co-Agent |
| 4 | **acquaint** *speech: other* | present · passive |  | servants *= servant* |  |  |  | slightly *property* | vn tell-37.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |
| 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | servants *= servant* |  |  |  | then | as English | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 1597 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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