---
title: The learned foreigner thought it quite marvellous, but now--it might… — Andersen's Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: The learned foreigner thought it quite marvellous, but now--it might be that he only imagined it--for he found everything marvellous out there, in the warm lands, if there had only been no sun. The stranger's landlord said that he didn't know who had taken the house opposite, one saw no person about
---

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# Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Shadow, sentence 13

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The learned foreigner thought it quite marvellous, but now--it might be that he only imagined it--for he found everything marvellous out there, in the warm lands, if there had only been no sun. The stranger's landlord said that he didn't know who had taken the house opposite, one saw no person about, and as to the music, it appeared to him to be extremely tiresome.

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**Who acts:** learned foreigner, opposite, house, landlord, one, it · **What happens:** learn, think, be, find, have, say · **To what, where:** opposite, everything, warm lands, sun., house opposite, person · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, The Shadow. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (learned foreigner, opposite, house, landlord), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg1597:23:13
# text = The learned foreigner thought it quite marvellous, but now--it might be that he only imagined it--for he found everything marvellous out there, in the warm lands, if there had only been no sun. The stranger's landlord said that he didn't know who had taken the house opposite, one saw no person about, and as to the music, it appeared to him to be extremely tiresome.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	learned	learn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	amod	_	_
3	foreigner	foreigner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	thought	think	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	quite	quite	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	marvellous	marvellous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
9	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
10	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	18	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
13	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
14	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	cop	_	_
15	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
16	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
17	only	only	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
18	imagined	imagine	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
19	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
22	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
23	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	parataxis	_	_
24	everything	everything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	23	obj	_	_
25	marvellous	marvellous	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	24	appos	_	_
26	out	out	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
27	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	25	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
29	in	in	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
31	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
32	lands	land	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
34	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	36	mark	_	_
35	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	36	expl	_	_
36	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	conj	_	_
37	only	only	ADV	RB	_	40	advmod	_	_
38	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	40	cop	_	_
39	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	40	det	_	_
40	sun.	sun.	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	obj	_	_
41	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	stranger	stranger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	's	's	PART	POS	_	42	case	_	_
44	landlord	landlord	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	nsubj	_	_
45	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	36	parataxis	_	_
46	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	50	mark	_	_
47	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	50	nsubj	_	_
48	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	50	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
49	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	50	advmod	_	_
50	know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	45	ccomp	_	_
51	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	53	nsubj	_	_
52	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	53	aux	_	_
53	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	50	ccomp	_	_
54	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	56	det	_	_
55	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	56	compound	_	_
56	opposite	opposite	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	53	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
57	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	59	punct	_	_
58	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	59	nsubj	_	_
59	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	45	parataxis	_	_
60	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	61	det	_	_
61	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	59	obj	_	_
62	about	about	ADV	RB	_	59	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
63	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	71	punct	_	_
64	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	71	cc	_	_
65	as	as	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	68	case	_	_
66	to	to	ADP	IN	_	65	fixed	_	_
67	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	68	det	_	_
68	music	music	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	71	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
69	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	68	punct	_	_
70	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	71	nsubj	_	_
71	appeared	appear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	59	parataxis	_	_
72	to	to	ADP	IN	_	73	case	_	_
73	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	71	obl	_	_
74	to	to	PART	TO	_	77	mark	_	_
75	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	77	cop	_	_
76	extremely	extremely	ADV	RB	_	77	advmod	_	_
77	tiresome	tiresome	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	71	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
78	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **think** *speech: other* | past | the learned foreigner | opposite |  |  |  | marvellous *property* | vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot it=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | might | opposite |  |  |  | now | imagine *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **find** | past | house | everything |  | the warm lands |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent everything=Topic |
| 5 | **have** *a condition, not said to happen* | past | house *not said here* |  |  | there |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **is a** | participle |  | no sun. |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the stranger's landlord |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 8 | **not** **know** | past · do-support | house |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 9 | **take** | past · perfect |  | the house opposite |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent opposite=Theme |
| 10 | **see** | past | one | no person |  |  |  | about *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer person=Stimulus |
| 11 | **appear** | past | it |  | house |  |  | as the music | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 12 | **is** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | extremely, tiresome *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 1597 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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