---
title: She directly observed that the stranger who had just come was quite… — Andersen's Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: She directly observed that the stranger who had just come was quite a different sort of person to all the others; “He has come here in order to get his beard to grow, they say, but I see the real cause, he cannot cast a shadow.” Who acts: princess, stranger, beard, grief. A sentence of «Andersen's F
---

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# Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Shadow, sentence 197

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She directly observed that the stranger who had just come was quite a different sort of person to all the others; “He has come here in order to get his beard to grow, they say, but I see the real cause, he cannot cast a shadow.”

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**Who acts:** princess, stranger, beard, grief · **What happens:** observe, come, be, get, grow, say · **To what, where:** different sort, order, beard, real cause, shadow · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, The Shadow. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (princess, stranger, beard, grief), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg1597:23:197
# text = She directly observed that the stranger who had just come was quite a different sort of person to all the others; “He has come here in order to get his beard to grow, they say, but I see the real cause, he cannot cast a shadow.”
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	directly	directly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	observed	observe	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	stranger	stranger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
7	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
8	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
9	just	just	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	come	come	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	6	acl:relcl	_	_
11	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
12	quite	quite	DET	PDT	PronType=Ind	15	det:predet	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	sort	sort	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	ccomp	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
18	to	to	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	21	det:predet	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
23	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
25	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
26	come	come	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	_
27	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	26	advmod	_	_
28	in	in	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	order	order	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	_
30	to	to	PART	TO	_	31	mark	_	_
31	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	advcl	_	_
32	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	33	nmod:poss	_	_
33	beard	beard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obj	_	_
34	to	to	PART	TO	_	35	mark	_	_
35	grow	grow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	31	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
37	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	38	nsubj	_	_
38	say	say	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
40	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	42	cc	_	_
41	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	42	nsubj	_	_
42	see	see	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	50	advcl	_	_
43	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	45	det	_	_
44	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	45	amod	_	_
45	cause	cause	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
47	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	50	nsubj	_	_
48	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	50	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
49	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	50	advmod	_	_
50	cast	cast	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	38	ccomp	_	_
51	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	52	det	_	_
52	shadow	shadow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	50	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
53	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
54	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **observe** | past | princess |  |  |  |  | directly *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **come** | past · perfect | the stranger |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is a** | past | the stranger | quite different sort |  |  |  | of person to all others | tree rules |
| 4 | **come** *in a quote* | present · perfect | stranger |  |  | order; here |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in order=Location |
| 5 | **get** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | stranger *not said here* | stranger's beard |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **grow** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | stranger's beard *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 7 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | present | grief |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 8 | **see** *in a quote* | present | grief | the real cause |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer cause=Stimulus |
| 9 | **not** **cast** *in a quote* | can | stranger | a shadow |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shadow=Product |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 1597 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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