---
title: “Tell me what I have to pay,” said the shadow; “for I don't like to… — Andersen's Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: “Tell me what I have to pay,” said the shadow; “for I don't like to be in any sort of debt.” Who acts: you, shadow, thou. A sentence of «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, The Shadow, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Shadow, sentence 87

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“Tell me what I have to pay,” said the shadow; “for I don't like to be in any sort of debt.”

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**Who acts:** you, shadow, thou · **What happens:** tell, have, pay, say, not like, be · **To what, where:** shadow, sort · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, The Shadow. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, shadow, thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg1597:23:87
# text = “Tell me what I have to pay,” said the shadow; “for I don't like to be in any sort of debt.”
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Tell	tell	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	iobj	_	_
4	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	2	obj	_	_
5	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	pay	pay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
11	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	shadow	shadow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
15	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
17	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
18	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	20	advmod	_	_
20	like	like	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	25	mark	_	_
22	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	cop	_	_
23	in	in	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	25	det	_	_
25	sort	sort	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	advcl	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	debt	debt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | imperative | you *not said here* |  | the shadow *= shadow* |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** *in a quote* | present | the shadow *= shadow* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **pay** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | the shadow *= shadow* *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the shadow |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **not** **like** *in a quote* | present · do-support | thou |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |
| 6 | **is** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | thou *not said here* |  |  | any sort |  | of debt | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 1597 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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