---
title: “By your leave!” said the Councillor to the Hostess, who came bustli… — Andersen's Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: “By your leave!” said the Councillor to the Hostess, who came bustling towards him. Who acts: leave, Hostess. A sentence of «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, The Shoes of Fortune, part 1, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg1597/5/100/)

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# Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Shoes of Fortune, part 1, sentence 100

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“By your leave!” said the Councillor to the Hostess, who came bustling towards him.

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**Who acts:** leave, Hostess · **What happens:** say, come, bustle · **To what, where:** Councillor, Hostess · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, The Shoes of Fortune, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (leave, Hostess), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg1597:5:100
# text = “By your leave!” said the Councillor to the Hostess, who came bustling towards him.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	By	by	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	leave	leave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
7	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	Councillor	councillor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	Hostess	Hostess	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	_
15	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	acl:relcl	_	_
16	bustling	bustle	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	15	xcomp	_	_
17	towards	towards	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | your leave | the Councillor | the Hostess |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent councillor=Topic to hostess=Recipient |
| 2 | **come** | past | the Hostess |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **bustle** | gerund | the Hostess *not said here* |  |  |  |  | towards leave | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme towards he=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 1597 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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