---
title: Never before, he thought, had he been in such a coarse and ignorant… — Andersen's Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Never before, he thought, had he been in such a coarse and ignorant company; one might almost fancy the people had turned heathens again. Who acts: man, one, people. A sentence of «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, The Shoes of Fortune, part 2, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of
---

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# Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Shoes of Fortune, part 2, sentence 11

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Never before, he thought, had he been in such a coarse and ignorant company; one might almost fancy the people had turned heathens again.

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**Who acts:** man, one, people · **What happens:** think, have, fancy, turn · **To what, where:** man, heathens · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, The Shoes of Fortune, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, one, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg1597:6:11
# text = Never before, he thought, had he been in such a coarse and ignorant company; one might almost fancy the people had turned heathens again.
1	Never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	before	before	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	thought	think	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	ccomp	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	7	aux	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
11	such	such	DET	PDT	PronType=Ind	16	det:predet	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
13	coarse	coarse	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	ignorant	ignorant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	conj	_	_
16	company	company	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
18	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	21	nsubj	_	_
19	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
20	almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
21	fancy	fancy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	ccomp	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	nsubj	_	_
24	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
25	turned	turn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	21	ccomp	_	_
26	heathens	heathen	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obj	_	_
27	again	again	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **think** *speech: other* | past | man |  |  |  |  | before *property* | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **have** | participle |  | man |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient |
| 3 | **fancy** | might | one |  |  |  |  | almost *property* | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 4 | **turn** | past · perfect | the people | heathens |  |  | again |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent heathen=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 1597 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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