---
title: “You had better lay the cloth below in the stable,” said one of the… — Andersen's Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: “You had better lay the cloth below in the stable,” said one of the travellers; “there, at all events, one knows what one is breathing.” Who acts: You, one. A sentence of «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, The Shoes of Fortune, part 5, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every cl
---

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# Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Shoes of Fortune, part 5, sentence 94

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“You had better lay the cloth below in the stable,” said one of the travellers; “there, at all events, one knows what one is breathing.”

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** You, one · **What happens:** have, lay, say, know, breathe · **To what, where:** cloth, stable · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, The Shoes of Fortune, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (You, one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg1597:9:94
# text = “You had better lay the cloth below in the stable,” said one of the travellers; “there, at all events, one knows what one is breathing.”
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	ccomp	_	_
4	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	xcomp	_	_
5	lay	lay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	below	below	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	stable	stable	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
14	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
15	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	14	nsubj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	travellers	traveller	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
20	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	14	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
23	at	at	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	25	det	_	_
25	events	event	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
27	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	28	nsubj	_	_
28	knows	know	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	parataxis	_	_
29	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	32	obj	_	_
30	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	32	nsubj	_	_
31	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	32	aux	_	_
32	breathing	breathe	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	28	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** *in a quote* | past | You |  |  |  |  | good *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **lay** *in a quote* | infinitive | You *not said here* | the cloth |  | the stable |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent cloth=Theme in stable=Destination |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | one of the travellers |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **know** *in a quote* | present | one |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 5 | **breathe** *in a quote* | present · progressive | one |  |  |  |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Andersen's Fairy Tales» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 1597 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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