---
title: Six times had Bruce led his brave little army against his foes; and… — Fifty Famous Stories Retold · tree and pragmatics
description: Six times had Bruce led his brave little army against his foes; and six times had his men been beaten, and driven into flight. Who acts: Bruce. A sentence of «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, Bruce and the Spider., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Fifty Famous Stories Retold, Bruce and the Spider., sentence 5

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Six times had Bruce led his brave little army against his foes; and six times had his men been beaten, and driven into flight.

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**Who acts:** Bruce · **What happens:** have, lead, beat, drive · **To what, where:** brave little army, foes, men, flight

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This is a sentence of «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, Bruce and the Spider.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bruce), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg18442:12:5
# text = Six times had Bruce led his brave little army against his foes; and six times had his men been beaten, and driven into flight.
1	Six	six	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl:unmarked	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	Bruce	Bruce	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	led	lead	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
7	brave	brave	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	army	army	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
10	against	against	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	foes	foe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	six	six	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	16	nummod	_	_
16	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl:unmarked	_	_
17	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
18	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nsubj	_	_
20	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	21	aux:pass	_	_
21	beaten	beat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	driven	drive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	conj	_	_
25	into	into	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	flight	flight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past |  |  |  |  | time |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **lead** | past | Bruce | Bruce's brave little army |  | Bruce's foes |  |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent army=Theme against foe=Destination |
| 3 | **have** | past |  |  |  |  | time |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **beat** | participle · passive |  | Bruce's men |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 5 | **drive** | participle |  |  |  | flight |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent into flight=Trajectory |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 18442 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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