---
title: In the war with the English, who were trying to drive Bruce from Sco… — Fifty Famous Stories Retold · tree and pragmatics
description: In the war with the English, who were trying to drive Bruce from Scotland, the Black Douglas did many brave deeds; and the English people became very much afraid of him. Who acts: war, Black Douglas, English people. A sentence of «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, The Black Douglas., wi
---

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# Fifty Famous Stories Retold, The Black Douglas., sentence 4

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In the war with the English, who were trying to drive Bruce from Scotland, the Black Douglas did many brave deeds; and the English people became very much afraid of him.

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**Who acts:** war, Black Douglas, English people · **What happens:** try, drive, do, become · **To what, where:** Bruce, Scotland, many brave deeds, war

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This is a sentence of «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, The Black Douglas.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (war, Black Douglas, English people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg18442:13:4
# text = In the war with the English, who were trying to drive Bruce from Scotland, the Black Douglas did many brave deeds; and the English people became very much afraid of him.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	English	English	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
9	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	trying	try	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	drive	drive	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	_
13	Bruce	Bruce	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
14	from	from	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	Scotland	Scotland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	Black	Black	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	_
19	Douglas	Douglas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
20	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
21	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
22	brave	brave	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	deeds	deed	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	29	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	English	English	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	nsubj	_	_
29	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	conj	_	_
30	very	very	ADV	RB	_	31	advmod	_	_
31	much	much	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	_
32	afraid	afraid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	xcomp	_	_
33	of	of	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	20	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **try** | past · progressive | the war with the English |  |  |  |  |  | vn try-61.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **drive** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the war with the English *not said here* | Bruce |  | Scotland |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent bruce=Theme from scotland=Trajectory |
| 3 | **do** | past | the Black Douglas | many brave deeds |  | the war with the English |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent deed=Eventuality |
| 4 | **become** | past | the English people |  |  |  |  | afraid *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 18442 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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