---
title: "Truly I believe that the people of Gotham are all fools," said one… — Fifty Famous Stories Retold · tree and pragmatics
description: "Truly I believe that the people of Gotham are all fools," said one of the horsemen. Who acts: I, people. A sentence of «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, Other Wise Men of Gotham., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg18442/15/64/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Fifty Famous Stories Retold](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg18442/) / [Other Wise Men of Gotham.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg18442/15/) / 64

# Fifty Famous Stories Retold, Other Wise Men of Gotham., sentence 64

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Truly I believe that the people of Gotham are all fools," said one of the horsemen.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** I, people · **What happens:** believe, be, say · **To what, where:** fools, one · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, Other Wise Men of Gotham.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg18442:15:64
# text = "Truly I believe that the people of Gotham are all fools," said one of the horsemen.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Truly	truly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
3	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	believe	believe	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Gotham	Gotham	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
11	all	all	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	fools	fool	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	_
15	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	ccomp	_	_
16	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	obj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	horsemen	horseman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **believe** *in a quote* | present | I |  |  |  |  | truly *property* | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | the people of Gotham | fools |  |  |  | all *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past |  | one of the horsemen |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent one=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 18442 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 63](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg18442/15/63/)
- next →: [sentence 65](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg18442/15/65/)
- ↑ back to [Other Wise Men of Gotham.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg18442/15/)