---
title: Rich and poor, high and low, all felt that they had lost a friend; a… — Fifty Famous Stories Retold · tree and pragmatics
description: Rich and poor, high and low, all felt that they had lost a friend; all mourned the death of the kindest, gentlest man that they had ever known. Who acts: Rich, tears, kindest gentlest man. A sentence of «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, Sir Philip Sidney., with its dependency tree and 
---

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# Fifty Famous Stories Retold, Sir Philip Sidney., sentence 22

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Rich and poor, high and low, all felt that they had lost a friend; all mourned the death of the kindest, gentlest man that they had ever known.

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**Who acts:** Rich, tears, kindest gentlest man · **What happens:** feel, lose, mourn, know, die · **To what, where:** friend, death, tears

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This is a sentence of «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, Sir Philip Sidney.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Rich, tears, kindest gentlest man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg18442:17:22
# text = Rich and poor, high and low, all felt that they had lost a friend; all mourned the death of the kindest, gentlest man that they had ever known.
1	Rich	rich	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	low	low	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	advmod	_	_
10	felt	feel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
12	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
13	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	10	advcl	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
18	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	19	advmod	_	_
19	mourned	mourn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	death	death	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
24	kindest	kind	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	27	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
26	gentlest	gentle	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	27	amod	_	_
27	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	_
28	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	32	mark	_	_
29	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj:pass	_	_
30	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	32	aux	_	_
31	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	32	advmod	_	_
32	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | past | Rich |  |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **lose** | past · perfect | tears *= tear* | a friend |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent friend=Eventuality |
| 3 | **mourn** | past | Rich *not said here* | the death of the kindest gentlest man |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer death=Stimulus |
| 4 | **know** | past · perfect · passive |  | tears *= tear* |  |  | ever |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus |
| 5 | **die** |  | the kindest gentlest man |  |  |  |  |  | nom death «event intransitive»: of=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 18442 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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