---
title: Englishmen had never used tobacco before that time; and all who saw… — Fifty Famous Stories Retold · tree and pragmatics
description: Englishmen had never used tobacco before that time; and all who saw Sir Walter puff-ing away at a roll of leaves thought that it was a strange sight. Who acts: Englishmen, Walter, tobacco. A sentence of «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, Sir Walter Raleigh., with its dependency tree and
---

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# Fifty Famous Stories Retold, Sir Walter Raleigh., sentence 44

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Englishmen had never used tobacco before that time; and all who saw Sir Walter puff-ing away at a roll of leaves thought that it was a strange sight.

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**Who acts:** Englishmen, Walter, tobacco · **What happens:** have, not use, see, ing, think, be · **To what, where:** used tobacco, roll, strange sight, leaves · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, Sir Walter Raleigh.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Englishmen, Walter, tobacco), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg18442:20:44
# text = Englishmen had never used tobacco before that time; and all who saw Sir Walter puff-ing away at a roll of leaves thought that it was a strange sight.
1	Englishmen	englishman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
5	tobacco	tobacco	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	before	before	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	8	det	_	_
8	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	13	advmod	_	_
12	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
13	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
14	Sir	Sir	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nmod:desc	_	_
15	Walter	Walter	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
16	puff	puff	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	ing	ing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	ccomp	_	_
19	away	away	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
20	at	at	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	roll	roll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nmod	_	_
25	thought	think	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	advcl	_	_
26	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	31	mark	_	_
27	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	nsubj	_	_
28	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	31	cop	_	_
29	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
30	strange	strange	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	sight	sight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | Englishmen | used tobacco |  |  | time |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tobacco=Patient |
| 2 | **not** **use** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **see** | past |  |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **ing** |  | Walter  Sir |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **think** *speech: other* | past |  |  |  | a roll of leaves |  |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **is a** | past | tobacco | a strange sight |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **roll** |  |  | leaves |  |  |  |  | nom roll «event transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 18442 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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