---
title: He had crossed the sea many times, but never in such a storm as this. — Fifty Famous Stories Retold · tree and pragmatics
description: He had crossed the sea many times, but never in such a storm as this. Who acts: thunder. A sentence of «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, Julius Caesar., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Fifty Famous Stories Retold, Julius Caesar., sentence 24

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He had crossed the sea many times, but never in such a storm as this.

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**Who acts:** thunder · **What happens:** cross · **To what, where:** sea

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This is a sentence of «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, Julius Caesar.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thunder), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg18442:32:24
# text = He had crossed the sea many times, but never in such a storm as this.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	crossed	cross	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
9	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
10	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	14	advmod	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	such	such	DET	PDT	PronType=Ind	14	det:predet	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	_
15	as	as	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cross** | past · perfect | thunder | the sea |  |  | time |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sea=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 18442 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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