---
title: His trust in his friend was as firm as ever; and he said that he did… — Fifty Famous Stories Retold · tree and pragmatics
description: His trust in his friend was as firm as ever; and he said that he did not grieve at having to suffer for one whom he loved so much. Who acts: trust, Damon. A sentence of «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, Damon and Pythias., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Fifty Famous Stories Retold, Damon and Pythias., sentence 22

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His trust in his friend was as firm as ever; and he said that he did not grieve at having to suffer for one whom he loved so much.

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**Who acts:** trust, Damon · **What happens:** be, say, not grieve, have, suffer, love · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, Damon and Pythias.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (trust, Damon), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg18442:34:22
# text = His trust in his friend was as firm as ever; and he said that he did not grieve at having to suffer for one whom he loved so much.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	trust	trust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	as	as	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	firm	firm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
9	as	as	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	parataxis	_	_
15	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
16	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
17	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
18	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	19	advmod	_	_
19	grieve	grieve	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	ccomp	_	_
20	at	at	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
21	having	have	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	19	advcl	_	_
22	to	to	PART	TO	_	23	mark	_	_
23	suffer	suffer	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	xcomp	_	_
24	for	for	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	23	obl	_	_
26	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	28	obj	_	_
27	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
28	loved	love	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	acl:relcl	_	_
29	so	so	ADV	RB	_	30	advmod	_	_
30	much	much	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Damon's trust in Damon's friend |  |  |  |  | firm *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Damon |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **not** **grieve** | past · do-support | Damon |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **have** | gerund | Damon *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **suffer** | to-infinitive | Damon *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for one | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 6 | **love** | past | Damon |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer whom=Stimulus |
| 7 | **trust** |  | Damon |  |  |  |  | in Damon's friend | nom trust «possession intransitive»: poss=agent in=obl |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 18442 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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