---
title: "Alfred, my son, be brave," said the man; "for I am the one to whom… — Fifty Famous Stories Retold · tree and pragmatics
description: "Alfred, my son, be brave," said the man; "for I am the one to whom you gave this day the half of all the food that you had. Who acts: Alfred, man, King, you. A sentence of «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, King Alfred and the Beggar., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of eve
---

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# Fifty Famous Stories Retold, King Alfred and the Beggar., sentence 18

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"Alfred, my son, be brave," said the man; "for I am the one to whom you gave this day the half of all the food that you had.

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**Who acts:** Alfred, man, King, you · **What happens:** be, say, give, have · **To what, where:** half, food · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, King Alfred and the Beggar.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Alfred, man, King, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg18442:4:18
# text = "Alfred, my son, be brave," said the man; "for I am the one to whom you gave this day the half of all the food that you had.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Alfred	Alfred	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
7	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	cop	_	_
8	brave	brave	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
11	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
15	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	for	for	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
17	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
18	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
21	to	to	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	20	nmod	_	_
23	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
24	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	acl:relcl	_	_
25	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	26	det	_	_
26	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	half	half	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac	24	obj	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
30	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	32	det:predet	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	_
33	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	35	obj	_	_
34	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	35	nsubj	_	_
35	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	32	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | infinitive | Alfred |  |  |  |  | brave *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the man |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** *in a quote* | present | King |  |  |  |  | for the one | tree rules |
| 4 | **give** *in a quote* | past | you | the half of all food |  |  | day |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent half=Theme |
| 5 | **have** *in a quote* | past | you | all food |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 18442 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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