---
title: He did not know that his father was lying in the burning cabin below… — Fifty Famous Stories Retold · tree and pragmatics
description: He did not know that his father was lying in the burning cabin below, that a cannon ball had struck him dead at the very be-gin-ning of the fight. Who acts: father. A sentence of «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, V. the Fortune., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every cla
---

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# Fifty Famous Stories Retold, V. the Fortune., sentence 66

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He did not know that his father was lying in the burning cabin below, that a cannon ball had struck him dead at the very be-gin-ning of the fight.

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**Who acts:** father · **What happens:** not know, lie, strike, be · **To what, where:** burning cabin, cannon ball, gin ning · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, V. the Fortune.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (father), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg18442:53:66
# text = He did not know that his father was lying in the burning cabin below, that a cannon ball had struck him dead at the very be-gin-ning of the fight.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	lying	lie	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	ccomp	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	burning	burning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	cabin	cabin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
14	below	below	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
16	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	cannon	cannon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	_
19	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj:pass	_	_
20	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
21	struck	strike	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
22	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	obj	_	_
23	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	xcomp	_	_
24	at	at	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
26	very	very	ADV	RB	_	31	advmod	_	_
27	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	31	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	29	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	gin	gin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	29	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	ning	ning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	fight	fight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **know** | past · do-support | father |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **lie** | past · progressive | father's father |  |  | the burning cabin |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in cabin=Location |
| 3 | **strike** | past · perfect · passive |  | a cannon ball |  |  |  | dead *property* | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP ADJP»: subject=Patient he=Result |
| 4 | **is** | infinitive |  |  |  | the gin ning |  | of the fight | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 18442 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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