---
title: He had no more joy in life; and men say that no one ever saw him smi… — Fifty Famous Stories Retold · tree and pragmatics
description: He had no more joy in life; and men say that no one ever saw him smile again. Who acts: heart, men, one. A sentence of «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, The White Ship., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Fifty Famous Stories Retold, The White Ship., sentence 42

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He had no more joy in life; and men say that no one ever saw him smile again.

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**Who acts:** heart, men, one · **What happens:** have, say, see, smile · **To what, where:** more joy, life, man · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, The White Ship.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (heart, men, one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg18442:7:42
# text = He had no more joy in life; and men say that no one ever saw him smile again.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	no	no	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
4	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	5	amod	_	_
5	joy	joy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
11	say	say	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
12	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
13	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	14	det	_	_
14	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
15	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	16	advmod	_	_
16	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	advcl	_	_
17	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obj	_	_
18	smile	smile	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	ccomp	_	_
19	again	again	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | heart | more joy |  | life |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent joy=Patient |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | men |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **see** | past | no one | man |  |  | ever |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus |
| 4 | **smile** | infinitive |  |  |  |  | again |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fifty Famous Stories Retold» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 18442 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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