---
title: "I learned a lesson from the Ass," replied the Fox, carefully edging… — The Aesop for Children · tree and pragmatics
description: "I learned a lesson from the Ass," replied the Fox, carefully edging away. Who acts: Fox. A sentence of «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, The Lion, the Ass, and the Fox, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Aesop for Children, The Lion, the Ass, and the Fox, sentence 12

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"I learned a lesson from the Ass," replied the Fox, carefully edging away.

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**Who acts:** Fox · **What happens:** learn, reply, edge away · **To what, where:** lesson, Ass · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, The Lion, the Ass, and the Fox. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Fox), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg19994:140:12
# text = "I learned a lesson from the Ass," replied the Fox, carefully edging away.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	learned	learn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	lesson	lesson	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Ass	ass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	_
11	replied	reply	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	Fox	fox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	carefully	carefully	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	edging	edge	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	advcl	_	_
17	away	away	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** *in a quote* | past | the Fox *= fox* | a lesson |  | the Ass |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **reply** *speech: assert* | past | the Fox |  |  |  |  |  | vn respond-113 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **edge away** | gerund | the Fox *not said here* |  |  |  |  | away, carefully *property* | vn meander-47.7 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 19994 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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