---
title: _Learn from the misfortunes of others. — The Aesop for Children · tree and pragmatics
description: _Learn from the misfortunes of others. Who acts: you. A sentence of «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, The Lion, the Ass, and the Fox, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Aesop for Children, The Lion, the Ass, and the Fox, sentence 13

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\_Learn from the misfortunes of others.

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**Who acts:** you · **What happens:** learn · **To what, where:** misfortunes

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This is a sentence of «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, The Lion, the Ass, and the Fox. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg19994:140:13
# text = _Learn from the misfortunes of others.
1	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Learn	learn	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	misfortunes	misfortune	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  | the misfortunes of others |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.source»: agent=Agent from misfortune=Source |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 19994 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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