---
title: A Gnat flew over the meadow with much buzzing for so small a creatur… — The Aesop for Children · tree and pragmatics
description: A Gnat flew over the meadow with much buzzing for so small a creature and settled on the tip of one of the horns of a Bull. Who acts: Gnat. A sentence of «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, The Gnat and the Bull, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Aesop for Children, The Gnat and the Bull, sentence 1

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A Gnat flew over the meadow with much buzzing for so small a creature and settled on the tip of one of the horns of a Bull.

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**Who acts:** Gnat · **What happens:** fly, settle · **To what, where:** meadow

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This is a sentence of «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, The Gnat and the Bull. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gnat), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg19994:21:1
# text = A Gnat flew over the meadow with much buzzing for so small a creature and settled on the tip of one of the horns of a Bull.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Gnat	gnat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	flew	fly	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	over	over	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	meadow	meadow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	buzzing	buzzing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	so	so	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	obl	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	creature	creature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	settled	settle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	conj	_	_
17	on	on	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	tip	tip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	19	nmod	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	horns	horn	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nmod	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	Bull	bull	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fly** | past | a Gnat |  |  | the meadow |  | with much buzzing; for small | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over meadow=Location |
| 2 | **settle** | participle | a Gnat *not said here* |  |  |  |  | on the tip of one of the horns of a Bull | vn correspond-36.1 «NP V PP.theme S»: agent=Agent on tip=Topic |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 19994 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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