---
title: Say '_I_ am lost.'" — The Aesop for Children · tree and pragmatics
description: Say '_I_ am lost.'" Who acts: you. A sentence of «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, The Travelers and the Purse, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Aesop for Children, The Travelers and the Purse, sentence 14

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Say '\_I\_ am lost.'"

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**Who acts:** you · **What happens:** say, lose · **To what, where:** I · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, The Travelers and the Purse. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg19994:25:14
# text = Say '_I_ am lost.'"
1	Say	say	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	4	punct	_	_
6	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **lose** | present · passive |  | I |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 19994 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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