---
title: As he ran, the setting sun cast his shadow far out on the ground, an… — The Aesop for Children · tree and pragmatics
description: As he ran, the setting sun cast his shadow far out on the ground, and it looked as if the wolf were a hundred times bigger than he really was. Who acts: Wolf, setting sun, it. A sentence of «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, The Wolf and His Shadow, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of eve
---

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# The Aesop for Children, The Wolf and His Shadow, sentence 2

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
As he ran, the setting sun cast his shadow far out on the ground, and it looked as if the wolf were a hundred times bigger than he really was.

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**Who acts:** Wolf, setting sun, it · **What happens:** run, cast, look, be, shadow · **To what, where:** shadow, ground

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This is a sentence of «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, The Wolf and His Shadow. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wolf, setting sun, it), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg19994:29:2
# text = As he ran, the setting sun cast his shadow far out on the ground, and it looked as if the wolf were a hundred times bigger than he really was.
1	As	as	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	setting	setting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	cast	cast	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	shadow	shadow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	12	advmod	_	_
12	out	out	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
13	on	on	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
20	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	28	mark	_	_
21	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	28	mark	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	wolf	wolf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nsubj	_	_
24	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	cop	_	_
25	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	hundred	hundred	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	27	nummod	_	_
27	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	obl:unmarked	_	_
28	bigger	big	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	19	parataxis	_	_
29	than	than	SCONJ	IN	_	32	mark	_	_
30	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
31	really	really	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	_
32	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	19	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | past | Wolf |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **cast** | past | the setting sun | Wolf's shadow |  | the ground |  | out *property* | vn throw-17.1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent shadow=Theme on ground=Destination |
| 3 | **look** | past | it |  |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 4 | **is** *a condition, not said to happen* | past | the wolf |  |  |  | time | big *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **be** | past | Wolf |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **shadow** |  | Wolf |  |  |  |  |  | nom shadow «state transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Aesop for Children» by Aesop, Project Gutenberg book 19994 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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